鸡鼻腔组织学特点及鼻相关淋巴组织分布的研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2014.12.019

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 2043-2049.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2014.12.019

鸡鼻腔组织学特点及鼻相关淋巴组织分布的研究

闫梦菲，康海泓，杨倩^*

（南京农业大学农业部动物生理生化重点开放实验室，南京 210095）

收稿日期:2014-04-09 出版日期:2014-12-23 发布日期:2014-12-23
通讯作者: 杨倩，教授， E-mail:zxbyq@njau.edu.cn
作者简介:闫梦菲(1989-)，女，山西人，硕士，主要从事黏膜免疫方面的研究，E-mail：krypton@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（31172302）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

Histological Characteristic of Chicken Nasal Cavity and the Distribution of Nasal-associated Lymphoid Tissue

YAN Meng-fei，KANG Hai-hong，YANG Qian^*

(Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry of Ministry of Agriculture，Nanjing Agricultural University，Nanjing 210095，China)

Received:2014-04-09 Online:2014-12-23 Published:2014-12-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在通过组织学方法对鸡鼻腔结构组织特点以及鼻相关淋巴组织的分布进行系统研究。选用25只3日龄白来航鸡，分别于10、21、35和60日龄宰杀，分离整个鼻腔。经波恩液固定48 h后，一部分鼻腔组织沿矢状面和横断面切成连续断面，实体显微镜下观察解剖学结构；一部分用于组织学结构观察：固定后，10日龄雏鸡的鼻腔直接进行石蜡包埋，21日及以上日龄的鸡鼻腔先用甲酸脱钙再石蜡包埋。所有鼻腔沿纵轴选取5个横断面进行连续切片和HE染色。结果发现，鸡鼻腔的大部分空间被鼻甲所占据。鸡鼻腔前部主要分布为复层扁平上皮；中部逐渐过渡为假复层柱状纤毛上皮，在纤毛上皮下可见大量由杯状细胞构成的分泌腺；后鼻甲部位主要分布着由单层细胞构成的嗅上皮。在鸡鼻腔的中后部，中鼻甲的底部和鼻后口两侧分布有鼻相关淋巴组织。此外，在中鼻甲和鼻腔周壁黏膜上皮下还随机分布一定数量的弥散淋巴组织。说明鸡鼻腔中分布有丰富的鼻相关淋巴组织，提示鸡鼻腔中后部为鼻腔免疫的主要投递位点和诱导位点。

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to study the histological characteristic of chicken nasal cavity and the distribution of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) by histological method.White Leghorn chickens of 3-day-old were selected and slaughtered on day 10，21，35 and 60，and the whole nasal cavities were isolated.After being fixed in Bouin′s solution for 48 h，a part of nasal cavity tissues were cut consecutively with the vertical section and cross-section and then observed under a stereoscopic microscope for anatomical analysis.The other parts of nasal cavity tissues were used for histological observation：the chick nasal cavities of 10-day-old were embedded in paraffin directly while that of 21-day-old and above were decalcified by formic acid and then embedded in paraffin.Five cross sections of all chicken nasal cavities along vertical axis were selected and stained with hematoxylin-eosin.Results showed that the most space of chicken nasal cavity was occupied by nasal turbinate.The forepart of nasal mucous membrane was covered by stratified squamous epithelium.In the middle part of nasal cavity，a transition to pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium was observed.A large number of secretory glands consisted of goblet cells were located under the nasal mucosal epithelium.The surface of concha nasalis caudalis was covered by simple epithelium consisted of olfactory cells.NALTs were located in the postmedian part of nasal cavity，the bottom of nasal septum and the both sides of choanal cleft.In addition，there were also some diffuse lymphoid tissues located under the epithelium of the concha nasalis media and the walls of nasal cavity.Theses results indicates that chicken has abundant NALTs，suggesting the middle and posterior of nasal cavity are the main delivery site and induction site for chicken nasal immunization.

中图分类号:

闫梦菲，康海泓，杨倩. 鸡鼻腔组织学特点及鼻相关淋巴组织分布的研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2014, 45(12): 2043-2049.

YAN Meng-fei，KANG Hai-hong，YANG Qian. Histological Characteristic of Chicken Nasal Cavity and the Distribution of Nasal-associated Lymphoid Tissue[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2014, 45(12): 2043-2049.

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鸡鼻腔组织学特点及鼻相关淋巴组织分布的研究

Histological Characteristic of Chicken Nasal Cavity and the Distribution of Nasal-associated Lymphoid Tissue

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